Technologies
Simpert provides Green Energy Solutions™ (GES) to save fuel and reduce emissions for the users who consume significant amount of fuels for energy production in their daily operation. The entities can be utilities stations who consume million tons of coal per year to generate electricity or chemical plants who consume coal, oil or natural gas to generate steam and power (CHP). The GES can also be applied to the industrial boilers used in hospitality industry and health industry. Our technologies and services are to to improve the fuel efficiency and reduce the emission by adopting the biological technologies, energy recovery solutions and plant IT performance optimization services. Due to less consumption of the fuel, the physical quantities of the pollutants such as arsenic, lead and mercury... etc from burning the coal can also be reduced.
Green Fuel Solutions - Enzergy™
Green Fuel Solutions (GFS) applies the specially formulated bio enzyme (Enzergy™ - Enzyme for Energy) on the fuel before combustion to alter its characteristics biologically which enhances fuel combustibility during combustion. Enzergy™ improves fuel combustion efficiency, equipment thermal efficiency and ultimately improves the boiler efficiency which consumes less fuel and air for generating the same amount of energy. Not only the CO2, SO2 and NOX emission are reduced by consuming less fuel, the bio reaction of Enzergy™ on fuel and favorable operation conditions will also reduce the production of SO2 and NOX in emissions.
Enzymes are biomolecules that catalyze and increase the rates of chemical reactions. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process (the substrates) are converted by the enzyme into different molecules (the products). Like all catalysts, enzymes work by lowering the activation energy (Ea or ΔG‡) for a reaction, thus dramatically increasing the rate of the reaction. Microorganisms can be found almost anywhere in the taxonomic organization of life on the planet and provide effective change in nature. For substrates, a microorganism can activate its gene and make it excrete enzymes, a biocatalyst, so as to reduce the energy barrier required for biochemical reactions, make specific chemical reactions take place at a condition where no high temperature and high pressure are necessary. Thus, the bio-chemical change can be quickly completed under ambient temperature and pressure and, in addition, a target reaction can even be completed at a high rate of 10 micro second. Most enzyme reaction rates are millions of times faster than those of comparable un-catalyzed reactions. For example, the reaction catalyzed by orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase will consume half of its substrate in 78 million years if no enzyme is present. However, when the decarboxylase is added, the same process takes just 25 milliseconds
Depolymerization
Typical coal structure consists of numerous aromatic rings of five or six carbons bonded with principally hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen atoms. Its chemical formula has been approximated at C135H96O9NS. Coal is much more difficult than oil and oil is not as easy as natural gas to be burned.
Coal Structure Oil Structure
For fuel with macronmolecule carbon chains, the bio catalytic reaction by Enzergy™ will depolymerize the fuel towards the lower number of carbon chains by specific enzymes. Therefore, the fuel combustibility can be effectively improved and require less excess air.
Micro Emulsification and Micro Dispersion
Enzergy™ contains a biochemical micro-emulsification component, and this component can convert O/W micell, which is disadvantageous for combustion, into W/O micelle which is good for combustion. Without water-in-oil emulsion, atomization is insufficient. The combustion time is too short to burn the oil completely, resulting in unburned carbon leaving the combustion chamber.
Enzergy™ can improve dynamic viscosity and fluidity of the fuel oil which can disperse and clean the oil sludge deposit in oil bath or in the pipelines to prevent gum and insoluble debris from clogging fuel injectors and fuel filters.
Improve Heat Transfer (Thermal Efficiency)
Enzergy™ can enhance combustion of fuel. The bio enzyme treated coal could improve fuel-bed clinkering, furnace wall slagging and soot & ash buildup in the convective regions which improve heat transfer rate and reducing the number of soot blowing activities. It will make the deposits generated from combustion into a fleecy solid state matter, which will not easily stick on the wall and tubes of the furnace. Therefore, it improves heat transfer rate and thermal efficiency.
Before
After
Reduction of Pollutants in Emission
SOX is the general term of sulfur compounds in SO, SO2 and SO3. After emitted into the air, they will react with aqueous vapor in the air and form acidic compounds (such as sulfuric acid) as acid rain which harms the ecological environment. Enzergy™ converts the reduced state sulfide into stable oxidized state sulfate under ambient temperature catalyzed by the specific enzyme. SO4-2 is a completely oxidized ionic that is available to react and generate organomatellic salts.
Most NOX emissions from boilers are thermal NOX and fuel NOX which are influenced by flame temperature, nitrogen in the fuel, excess air level and longer residence time at high temperatures. Thermal NOX is formed when nitrogen and oxygen in the combustion air combine with one another at the high temperatures in a flame. The rate of thermal NOX formation generally increases significantly above 2,800°F flame temperature. Fuel NOX is formed by the reaction of nitrogen bound in the fuel with oxygen in the combustion air.
Under the treatment of Enzergy™ bio enzyme on fuel and the boiler performance optimization process facilitated by AVS system, both fuel NOX and thermal NOX can be effectively reduced. The bio enzyme Enzergy™ can convert some of these nitrogen compounds in the fuel into a completely oxidized state as NO3-1 which reacts with the metals to form a series of nitrates. Also the combustion of Enzergy™ treated coal or fuel oil will lower the combustion temperature and prevent the furnace from significant slag & soot buildup. The lowering temperature and less excess air will result in less formation of thermal NOX.
Reduction of Coal Bio-Degradation during Transportation & Storage
Coal is degrading continuously after it is mined due to the oxidation and biogenic reaction with bacteria including Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB). Depending on the rank of coal, sometimes it will lose 5% to 15% of heating values during the three months of storage. The application of bio enzyme on the coal right after it is mined will improve the coal from such degradation and keep the coal as fresh as possible. Also the reduction of methane releases from such degradation will reduce the release of GHG and prevent the coal from self heating and spontaneous combustion.
TGA, DTA and DTG Test
The Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) indicates that the Enzergy™ treated coal is much easier to gasify which is advantageous for combustion. Enzergy™ treated coal loses 22% of its weight when it is heated to 410 °C compared to only 13% weight loss of the non-treated coal when it is heated to 417 °C.
Enzergy™ Properties
Enzergy™ as a bio enzyme is an environmental friendly material which is non-harmful and non-toxic. It is specially formulated to treat the respective fossil fuel of coal, oil, gasoline and diesel.
Followings are several lab test results:
• Toxicity Test: LD50 > 15,000 (Non-Toxic)
• Corrosion Test: ASTM D130 – 1A (Non-Corrosive)
• Lead (Pb) Test: CNS 12221 – Not detectable
• Density (15oC): CNS 12017 – 0.842 g/ml
• Ash Content: CNS 3576 – 0.01%
